Exploring the Polyvagal Theory: How Our Nervous System, Emotions & Behaviours Impact Mental Health

Exploring the Polyvagal Theory:
How Our Nervous System, Emotions & Behaviours Impact Mental Health

The Polyvagal Theory, developed by Dr. Stephen Porges, is a scientific theory that explains the complex interplay between the nervous system, emotions, and behaviour. This theory proposes that the human nervous system has evolved over time to respond to perceived threats in increasingly sophisticated ways. The three branches of the nervous system are the ventral vagal, sympathetic, and dorsal vagal systems. Each branch is associated with different behavioural responses that help individuals adapt to their environment.

The Ventral Vagal System is the most recently evolved branch of the nervous system, and is associated with feelings of safety and social engagement. When the ventral vagal system is activated, individuals experience a range of positive emotions, including joy, love, and trust. This branch of the nervous system is responsible for our ability to connect with others, and it helps us feel calm and content.

The Sympathetic System is the branch of the nervous system that is responsible for the fight-or-flight response. When individuals perceive a threat, the sympathetic system is activated, causing an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. This response helps individuals prepare to either fight off the threat or flee from it.

The Dorsal Vagal System is the most primitive branch of the nervous system, and is associated with immobilization and dissociation. When individuals perceive a threat that they cannot fight or flee from, the dorsal vagal system is activated. This response is associated with feelings of helplessness, and may result in fainting or dissociation.

The Polyvagal Theory has important implications for mental health, as it suggests that many psychological disorders may be related to imbalances in the nervous system. For example, individuals with anxiety disorders may have an overactive sympathetic system, while those with depression may have an underactive ventral vagal system. By recognizing the different branches of the nervous system and their associated emotional states and behavioural responses, we can gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and others. This knowledge can be applied in a wide range of settings, from somatic therapy sessions to interpersonal relationships, ultimately helping us live happier, more fulfilling lives.